Background
It is widely known that nowadays most of the world’s population is bilingual and multilingual; this is especially evident for regions, where inhabitants have different ethnic background. Bilingualism is evidenced as a kind of cross-cultural communication. As Ter-Minasova (2000) noted, bilingualism is “communication of people presenting different cultures.” A pure bilingual person is two native speakers or monolinguals in one, according to Vereschagin (1969). Such a person can speak, understand, read and write in two languages, i.e., bilingual is an individual able to function, at some level, in more than one language. Halliday et al. (1970) consider that this person is not necessarily an ambilingual (a individual with native competency in two languages). Some bilinguals possess very high levels of proficiency in both languages in the written and the oral modes. Such bilingualism is considered as “coordinative bilingual” (Weinreich, 1953). Others display varying proficiencies in comprehension and/or speaking skills depending on the immediate area of experience in which they are called upon to use their two languages. The term “subordinate bilingualism” is used to define such a level (Weinreich, 1953, 1974).
It is widely known that nowadays most of the world’s population is bilingual and multilingual; this is especially evident for regions, where inhabitants have different ethnic background. Bilingualism is evidenced as a kind of cross-cultural communication. As Ter-Minasova (2000) noted, bilingualism is “communication of people presenting different cultures.” A pure bilingual person is two native speakers or monolinguals in one, according to Vereschagin (1969). Such a person can speak, understand, read and write in two languages, i.e., bilingual is an individual able to function, at some level, in more than one language. Halliday et al. (1970) consider that this person is not necessarily an ambilingual (a individual with native competency in two languages). Some bilinguals possess very high levels of proficiency in both languages in the written and the oral modes. Such bilingualism is considered as “coordinative bilingual” (Weinreich, 1953). Others display varying proficiencies in comprehension and/or speaking skills depending on the immediate area of experience in which they are called upon to use their two languages. The term “subordinate bilingualism” is used to define such a level (Weinreich, 1953, 1974).